The American Nurses Association describes psychiatric mental health nursing as "an art and a science, employing a purposeful use of self and a wide range of nursing, psychosocial, and neurobiological evidence to produce effective outcomes." I couldn't agree more with this definition. To me, this is more than a definition, it is the foundation of my philosophy of practice. 

The Science 

Practice should be evidence-based. The field of psychiatry is constantly improving, and I believe it is the PMHNP's responsibility to be knowledgeable about current best practice guidelines and FDA-approved treatments. 

The Art

Accurate assessment and diagnosis requires the PMHNP to actively listen to the patient and ask the right questions in the right way. The PMHNP must know when to dig deeper and when to move on to the next topic in order to build rapport and create a safe environment. Psychiatry is more than algorithms; sometimes the treatment that is indicated doesn't work and, it is here, that the art of practice really comes in. The PMHNP must combine their knowledge of the patient and of psychopharmacology to create an individualized treatment plan for the patient. 

Use of Self 

In order to properly use "self," the PMHNP must practice ethically, adhering to the following guidelines: (1) practice with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and uniqueness of every individual, (2) your primary commitment is to the patient, (3) protect the health, safety, and rights of the patient, (4) practice within your scope and delegate duties appropriately, (5) strive to improve the quality of care you provide and the profession as a whole, (6) never stop learning, (7) work with other health professionals to meet the community's health needs, and (8) be an advocate for the PMHNP profession. 

Biopsychosocial Model 

Understanding George Engle's 1977 conceptualization of this model is key to providing quality care to the whole person. In order to understand a person's mental health condition you must consider the biological (genetics and pathology), psychological (thoughts, emotions, behaviors, stressors, and coping mechanisms), and social factors (socioeconomic status, environment, family, occupation, and culture) contributing to its development. Once you understand these areas (all of which are covered in a standard psychiatric evaluation) you can begin to effectively diagnosis and treat the patient.